1. A dock building system is characterized by comprising a dock (1), wherein a water blocking dock gate (13) is arranged at a dock outlet of the dock (1), a separation dock gate (14) is arranged inside the dock (1), the separation dock gate (14) is opposite to and spaced from the water blocking dock gate (13), the separation dock gate (14) can selectively separate the dock (1) into a first dock chamber (11) located between the separation dock gate (14) and the water blocking dock gate (13) and a second dock chamber (12) located between the separation dock gate (14) and the tail of the dock (1), the first dock chamber (11) can at least accommodate a ship after assembly, a ship building area and a steel shell sinking pipe building area are arranged in the second dock chamber (12) side by side in the width direction, and the ship building area is used for assembling a total section, the steel shell immersed tube construction area is used for assembling and constructing the steel shell immersed tube (40).

2. The dock building system of claim 1, further comprising a tube docking block (2) for supporting the steel shell caisson (40), the height of the tube docking block (2) being less than 1.2mm, the height of the tube docking block (2) being adjustable.

3. A dock building system as claimed in claim 2 wherein the pipe section docking block (2) comprises a pipe section base block (21) and a support head (22) removably provided on an upper end face of the pipe section base block (21), the pipe section base block (21) being formed by cementing, the support head (22) being adjustable in height.

4. A dock construction system according to claim 3, further comprising a ship docking block (3) for supporting a ship, the ship docking block (3) comprising a ship base block (31) and a wood pad (32) detachably provided on the ship base block (31), the ship base block (31) being interchangeable with the pipe section base block (21).

5. The dock building system of claim 1, further comprising a rest (4), wherein the rest (4) is detachably connected to a side of the steel shell caisson (40) close to the dock wall (15), and the rest (4) protrudes out of the steel shell caisson (40).

6. The dock building system of claim 5, wherein the rest (4) comprises a first frame portion (41) and a second frame portion (42) connected, the first frame portion (41) being detachably connected to an upper end of the steel shell caisson (40), the second frame portion (42) being located between the steel shell caisson (40) and the dock wall (15), the second frame portion (42) having a gap with the steel shell caisson (40).

7. A dock building system as claimed in claim 6 wherein the side of the second frame portion (42) adjacent the steel shell immersion tube (40) is provided with a first resilient member (44) and/or the side of the second frame portion (42) adjacent the dock wall (15) is provided with a second resilient member (45).

8. A dock construction system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7 wherein the dock (1) has an overall length of 340 to 480m and an overall width of 80 to 110 m;

the length of the first dock chamber (11) is 200-280 m.

9. A method of constructing a steel-shelled immersed tube in parallel with a ship, using a dock construction system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, and comprising the steps of:

closing the water-blocking dock gate (13) and the separating dock gate (14), building a first chamber ship (20) in the first dock chamber (11), and simultaneously building a second chamber ship (30) and a steel shell immersed tube (40) in the second dock chamber (12);

when the one ship (20) is built, undocking the one ship (20), closing the water retaining dock gate (13) and draining the first dock chamber (11) after the undocking operation is finished;

opening a separation dock gate (14), and continuing to construct the steel shell immersed tube (40) and the two-chamber ship (30) until the steel shell immersed tube (40) and the two-chamber ship (30) are completely constructed;

and opening a water and dock gate (13), and undocking the steel shell immersed tube (40) and the two-chamber ship (30).

10. The steel shell caisson and vessel parallel construction method according to claim 9, characterised in that after opening the separating dock gate (14) and while continuing to construct the steel shell caisson (40) and the two-chamber vessel (30), a final assembly of another one-chamber vessel (20) is made in the first dock chamber (11);

after the steel-shell immersed tube (40) and the two-chamber ship (30) are built, undocking the two-chamber ship (30), the current first-chamber ship (20) and the steel-shell immersed tube (40);

after the undocking of the steel-shell immersed tube (40) and the two-chamber vessel (30) is completed, the one-chamber vessel (20) currently under construction is re-docked in the first docking chamber (11) and construction continues.

11. The method for the parallel construction of steel shell sinkers with vessels according to claim 10, characterized in that after the re-docking of the currently under-built one-chamber vessel (20), the separating dock gate (14) is closed and the parallel construction of another two-chamber vessel (30) and another steel shell sinker (40) is carried out in the second dock chamber (12).

12. Method for construction of steel shell immersed tubes in parallel with a vessel according to any of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that when a one-chamber vessel (20) is constructed in said first docking chamber (11), two of said one-chamber vessels (20) are constructed in said first docking chamber (11) simultaneously, said two one-chamber vessels (20) being arranged in the width direction of said first docking chamber (11).

13. The method for constructing a steel shell caisson in parallel with a vessel according to any of claims 9 to 11, wherein a docking block (3) for supporting a vessel is arranged in the first docking chamber (11) and the segment building block, and a segment docking block (2) for supporting the steel shell caisson (40) is arranged in the segment building block, before the chamber vessel (20), the chamber vessel (30) and the steel shell caisson (40) are hoisted into the dock (1).

14. The steel-shell immersed tube and vessel parallel construction method according to claim 13, wherein the arranging of the tube segment docking blocks (2) specifically comprises:

determining the middle longitudinal surface (402) of the pipe section of the steel shell immersed pipe (40) according to the middle longitudinal surface (16) of the dock (1) and the width of the steel shell immersed pipe (40);

sequentially arranging the pipe joint docking blocks (2) along two sides of the pipe joint middle longitudinal surface (402) by taking the pipe joint middle longitudinal surface (402) as a reference;

and adjusting the height of the pipe segment docking blocks (2) to enable the supporting surfaces of all the pipe segment docking blocks (2) to be positioned on the same horizontal plane.

Background

The deep-medium channel is a world-level 'bridge, island, tunnel and underwater intercommunication' cluster project, wherein the immersed tube tunnel adopts a steel shell concrete structure in a large scale for the first time in the world. The manufacturing of the steel shell immersed tube of the immersed tube tunnel is the foremost process of the immersed tube project of the deep middle channel, is the foundation and guarantee of all subsequent construction projects, and is an important problem to be considered firstly how to effectively improve the manufacturing efficiency and quality of the steel shell immersed tube.

In order to improve the production efficiency of the steel-shell immersed tube, the steel-shell immersed tube is generally produced by two production lines of a slipway and a dock simultaneously, and cement is arranged in the dock to be poured after the total assembly of the tube joint structures in the dock is completed. The size of the steel shell immersed tube after construction is large, the standard tube section is about 165 meters long and 46 meters wide, the widened tube section is about 123.8 meters long and the widest is about 55.5 meters, and the width and length of the dock are limited, so that if a ship and the steel shell immersed tube are constructed in the dock in parallel, the ship constructed in parallel with the steel shell immersed tube can only be a ship with a small width size, and the parallel construction of the ship with a large width and the steel shell immersed tube cannot be met; and because the steel-shell immersed tube and the ship are different greatly in the required working hours for building the ship, when the docks are used on two sides, the undocking of the ship and the steel-shell immersed tube can be carried out only at the same time, so that the steel-shell immersed tube which is built firstly or the ship needs to wait for undocking, and during the waiting period, the dock is occupied, and the building of another ship or the steel-shell immersed tube cannot be carried out, thereby reducing the utilization rate of the dock and being not beneficial to improving the building efficiency of the ship and the steel-shell immersed tube.

Therefore, a dock building system and a method for building a steel-shell immersed tube and a ship in parallel are needed to solve the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the present invention is to provide a dock building system to improve convenience in parallel building of ships and steel-shelled immersed tubes and improve utilization efficiency of a dock.

Another objective of the present invention is to provide a method for building a steel-shelled immersed tube and a ship in parallel, so as to improve the convenience of building the steel-shelled immersed tube and the ship in parallel and improve the efficiency of building the steel-shelled immersed tube and the ship.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a dock building system comprises a dock, wherein a water blocking dock gate is arranged at a dock outlet of the dock, a separation dock gate is arranged in the dock, the separation dock gate is opposite to the water blocking dock gate and is arranged at intervals, the separation dock gate can selectively divide the dock into a first dock chamber and a second dock chamber, the first dock chamber is located between the separation dock gate and the water blocking dock gate, the second dock chamber is located between the separation dock gate and the tail of the dock, at least one assembled ship can be contained in the first dock chamber, a ship building area and a steel shell sinking pipe building area are arranged in the second dock chamber side by side in the width direction, the ship building area is used for assembling ship segments, and the steel shell sinking pipe building area is used for assembling and building steel shell sinking pipes.

As a preferable technical solution of the dock building system, the dock building system further includes a pipe segment docking block for supporting the steel shell immersed tube, the height of the pipe segment docking block is less than 1.2mm, and the height of the pipe segment docking block can be adjusted.

As a preferable technical scheme of the dock building system, the pipe joint docking block comprises a pipe joint base block and a support head detachably arranged on the upper end face of the pipe joint base block, the pipe joint base block is formed by pouring cement, and the height of the support head can be adjusted.

As a preferable technical solution of the dock building system, the dock building system further includes a ship docking block for supporting a ship, the ship docking block includes a ship foundation block and a wood pad layer detachably disposed on the ship foundation block, and the ship foundation block and the pipe section foundation block are interchangeable.

As a preferable technical scheme of the dock building system, the dock building system further comprises a leaning frame, the leaning frame is detachably connected to one side, close to the dock wall, of the steel shell immersed tube, and protrudes out of the steel shell immersed tube.

As a preferable technical scheme of the dock building system, the leaning frame comprises a first frame part and a second frame part which are connected, the first frame part is detachably connected with the upper end of the steel shell immersed tube, the second frame part is located between the steel shell immersed tube and the dock wall, and a gap is formed between the second frame part and the steel shell immersed tube.

As a preferable technical solution of the dock building system, a first elastic member is disposed at a side of the second frame portion close to the steel-shell sinking pipe, and/or a second elastic member is disposed at a side of the second frame portion close to the dock wall.

As a preferable technical scheme of the dock building system, the total length of the dock is 340-480 m, and the total width is 80-110 m;

the length of the first dock chamber is 200-280 m.

A steel-shelled immersed tube and ship parallel construction method, using the dock construction system, comprising the following steps:

closing a water-blocking dock gate and a separation dock gate, constructing a first chamber of ship in a first dock chamber, and constructing a second chamber of ship and a steel shell immersed tube in a second dock chamber;

after the first ship is built, undocking the first ship, closing the water retaining dock gate and draining the first dock chamber after the undocking operation is finished;

opening a separation dock gate, and continuing to construct the steel shell immersed tube and the two-chamber ship until the steel shell immersed tube and the two-chamber ship are completely constructed;

and opening a water retaining dock gate, and undocking the steel shell immersed tube and the second chamber ship.

As a preferred technical scheme of a parallel construction method of a steel shell immersed tube and a ship, after the separating dock door is opened and the steel shell immersed tube and the two-chamber ship are continuously constructed, the assembly construction of another one-chamber ship is carried out in the first dock chamber;

after the steel shell immersed tube and the two-chamber ship are built, undocking the two-chamber ship, the current first-chamber ship and the steel shell immersed tube;

and after the steel shell immersed tube and the two-chamber ship are undocked, the currently under-built one-chamber ship sits on the pier again in the first docking chamber and continues to be built.

As a preferable technical scheme of the parallel construction method of the steel shell immersed tube and the ship, after the currently under-construction one-room ship is re-docked, the separation dock gate is closed, and the parallel construction of the other two-room ship and the other steel shell immersed tube is performed in the second dock chamber.

As a preferred technical scheme of a parallel construction method of a steel shell immersed tube and a ship, when one chamber of the ship is constructed in the first dock chamber, two ships of the one chamber are constructed in the first dock chamber at the same time, and the two ships of the one chamber are arranged along the width direction of the first dock chamber.

As a preferable technical solution of the parallel construction method of the steel shell immersed tube and the ship, before the first chamber ship, the second chamber ship and the steel shell immersed tube are hoisted to the dock, ship docking blocks for supporting the ship are arranged in the first docking chamber and the ship construction area, and pipe joint docking blocks for supporting the steel shell immersed tube are arranged in the pipe joint construction area.

As an optimal technical scheme of a parallel construction method of a steel shell immersed tube and a ship, the arrangement of tube segment docking blocks specifically comprises the following steps:

determining the middle longitudinal surface of the pipe section of the steel shell immersed pipe according to the middle longitudinal surface of the dock and the width of the steel shell immersed pipe;

sequentially arranging the pipe joint docking blocks along two sides of the middle longitudinal surface of the pipe joint by taking the middle longitudinal surface of the pipe joint as a reference;

and adjusting the height of the pipe joint docking blocks to enable the supporting surfaces of all the pipe joint docking blocks to be positioned on the same horizontal plane.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the dock building system provided by the invention can simultaneously build the steel-shell immersed tube and at least two ships in the dock, and the building processes are not interfered with each other, so that the building efficiency of the ships and the steel-shell immersed tube is effectively improved; meanwhile, because the first ship and the steel shell immersed tube are positioned in different dock chambers, the first ship is not limited by the width of the steel shell immersed tube, and only has requirements on the type width of the second ship in a ship building area, so that the parallel building of a large-size wide ship and the steel shell immersed tube can be realized, and the convenience and the applicability of the parallel building of the ship and the steel shell immersed tube are improved; simultaneously, because steel-shelled immersed tube and one room boats and ships set up side by side in length direction, can the rational utilization dock length size, further improve the utilization ratio to the dock.

The parallel construction method of the steel shell immersed tube and the ship can improve the convenience of parallel construction of the steel shell immersed tube and the ship, improve the efficiency of parallel construction of the ship and the steel shell immersed tube and improve the utilization rate of a dock.

Drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic top view of a dock building system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

figure 2 is a schematic view of a section a-a of a dock building system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a portion of a dock building system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 3 at I;

FIG. 5 is a front view of a pipe segment docking block according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a side view of a pipe segment docking block according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a front view of a vessel docking block according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 8 is a side view of a vessel docking block according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 9 is a flow chart of a parallel construction method of a steel-shelled immersed tube and a ship according to a second embodiment of the invention;

fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a first-room ship, a second-room ship and a steel-shell immersed tube which are built in parallel according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a layout of pipe docking blocks according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of undocking of a ship according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a ship after undocking of one ship according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 14 is a schematic partial structural view of another single-chamber ship, a two-chamber ship and a steel-shell immersed tube constructed in parallel according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a dock in which a two-chamber ship and a steel-shell immersed tube according to a second embodiment of the present invention are undocked;

fig. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a chamber vessel re-docking according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 17 is a schematic structural view of a first-room ship, another second-room ship and another steel-shelled immersed tube which are built in parallel according to the second embodiment of the invention.

The figures are labeled as follows:

10. a dock building system; 20. a room ship; 201. a first vessel; 202. a second vessel; 203. a fourth vessel; 204. a fifth vessel; 30. a two-room ship; 301. a third vessel; 302. a sixth vessel; 40. sinking the steel shell into the tube; 401. a steel shell pipe section; 402. the middle longitudinal surface of the pipe section;

1. a dock 11, a first dock chamber; 12. a second dock chamber; 13. a water retaining dock gate; 14. separating a dock gate; 15. a dock wall; 16. a longitudinal plane in the dock; 2. pipe joint docking blocks; 21. pipe joint base piers; 22. a support head; 221. mounting a base; 2211. a fixing sleeve portion; 2212. a flange mounting portion; 2213. reinforcing rib plates; 222. an adjusting seat; 2221. an adjustment sleeve portion; 2222. a support plate portion; 3. a ship docking block; 31. a ship foundation pier; 32. a wood cushion layer; 4. leaning on the frame; 41. a first frame part; 42. a second frame part; 43. a ledge portion; 44. a first elastic member; 45. a second elastic member; 46. lifting lugs; 5. transverse grid lines; 6. longitudinal grid lines.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.

In the description of the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning permanently connected, removably connected, or integral to one another; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "right", etc. are used in an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings only for convenience of description and simplicity of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for descriptive purposes and are not intended to have a special meaning.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment provides a dock building system, which can be applied to a shipyard to realize a building process of a ship and a steel-shelled immersed tube in a dock, and better satisfy the parallel building of a steel-shelled immersed tube 40 and a ship in a dock 1, improve the production efficiency and the production continuity of the steel-shelled immersed tube 40 and the ship, avoid the building interference of the ship and the steel-shelled immersed tube 40, and improve the utilization rate of the dock 1.

Specifically, the dock building system comprises a dock 1, a water-blocking dock gate 13 is arranged at a dock outlet of the dock 1, a separation dock gate 14 is arranged in the dock 1, the separation dock gate 14 can selectively divide the dock 1 into a first dock chamber 11 located between the water-blocking dock gate 13 and the separation dock gate 14 in a watertight manner and a second dock chamber 12 located between the separation dock gate 14 and the tail end of the dock 1, at least one assembled ship can be accommodated in the first dock chamber 11, and the second dock chamber 12 comprises a ship building area and a steel shell immersed tube building area which are arranged side by side in the width direction.

In the dock building system provided by this embodiment, by arranging the water blocking dock gate 13 and the separating dock gate 14, the dock 1 can be divided into the first dock chamber 11 and the second dock chamber 12 in the length direction, at least one ship can be assembled and built in the first dock chamber 11, and in the process of assembling the ship, the steel shell sinking pipe 40 can be assembled and cement-cast in the steel shell sinking pipe building area, and another ship block can be assembled in the ship building area at the same time to form a part of blocks; after the assembly of the first ship 20 in the first dock chamber 11 is finished, the water-blocking dock gate 13 can be opened to enable the constructed ship to be undocked, and in the process, due to the arrangement of the separation dock gate 14, the steel shell immersed tube 40 and the second ship 30 in the second dock chamber 12 can be continuously constructed, so that the assembly of the total section of the second ship and the construction efficiency of the steel shell immersed tube 40 are improved; after the floating water of the first chamber ship 20 is undocked, the water blocking dock gate 13 is closed, water in the first dock chamber 11 is drained, then the separation dock gate 14 is put down to communicate the first dock chamber 11 with the second dock chamber 12, so that the second chamber ship 30 can be continuously assembled to form a whole ship, the steel shell immersed tube 40 can also be continuously assembled to a required length until the whole ship construction of the second chamber ship 30 and the construction of the steel shell immersed tube 40 are completed, the parallel efficiency is high, and the construction of the steel shell immersed tube 40 is not interfered with the ship construction.

That is, the dock building system provided in this embodiment can enable the steel-shelled immersed tube 40 and at least two ships to be built in parallel in the dock, and the building processes are not interfered with each other, so that the building efficiency of the ships and the steel-shelled immersed tube 40 is effectively improved; meanwhile, the first chamber ship 20 and the steel shell immersed tube 40 are positioned in different docking chambers, so that the first chamber ship 20 is not limited by the width of the steel shell immersed tube 40, and only has requirements on the profile width of the second chamber ship 30 in a ship building area, thereby realizing the parallel building of a large-sized wide ship and the steel shell immersed tube 40 and improving the convenience and the applicability of the parallel building of the ship and the steel shell immersed tube 40; meanwhile, as the steel-shell immersed tube 40 and the first chamber ship 20 are arranged side by side in the length direction, the length size of the dock 1 can be reasonably utilized, and the utilization rate of the dock is further improved.

The dock 1 is a dock chamber which is formed by enclosing a dock wall 15 and has a long strip shape and an opening at one end, the opening end of the dock 1 is communicated with a water area, so that ships and steel shell immersed tubes 40 built in the dock 1 can be undocked through the opening end of the dock 1, namely, the opening end of the dock 1 forms a dock outlet, and the dock outlet is provided with a water-retaining dock door 13 which can separate the internal space of the dock 1 from the external water area in a watertight manner. The specific structure of the dock 1 and the arrangement of the gate 13 can refer to the prior art, which is not limited in this embodiment.

The separation dock gate 14 can selectively separate the first dock chamber 11 from the second dock chamber 12, so that the building processes in the first dock chamber 11 and the second dock chamber 12 can not interfere with each other when the first dock chamber 11 and the second dock chamber 12 are separated, and after the first dock chamber 11 is communicated with the second dock chamber 12, the building process in the second dock chamber 12 can be extended into the first dock chamber 11 for implementation, so that the assembly length of the steel shell immersed tube 40 and the second dock chamber ship 30 in the second dock chamber 12 is ensured. The structure and the arrangement mode of the separation dock gate 14 may be set with reference to the water blocking dock gate 13, and the structure of the separation dock gate 14 is not limited in this embodiment.

Preferably, the dock 1 has an overall length of 300m to 400m and a width of 60m to 120m, and can satisfy the construction of all small ships, most of medium ships, and some of large ships. Since the standard steel-shell immersed tube 40 is about 165m long and 46m wide, more preferably, the total length of the dock 1 is 340 m-380 m and the width is 80 m-110 m, the steel-shell immersed tube 40 and most of large and medium ships can be better arranged side by side along the width direction of the dock 1, the width requirement on the two-chamber ship 30 constructed in parallel is reduced, and the flexibility and the applicability of the parallel construction are improved. Meanwhile, due to the arrangement of the width, two ships 20 in one chamber can be placed in the first dock chamber 11 side by side along the width direction of the dock 1, that is, the total assembly construction of the two ships 20 in one chamber can be simultaneously carried out in the first dock chamber 11, so that the utilization rate of the dock 1 is improved, and the production efficiency of the ships is improved.

In the present embodiment, the dock 1 has a length of 360m and a width of 96m, but it is understood that the total length and the total width of the dock 1 can be set according to the requirements of the shipyard, and the present embodiment is not particularly limited thereto.

In order to meet the applicability of the first docking chamber 11 to most ship types, the length of the first docking chamber 11 is preferably 200m to 280m, and is most preferably 235m to 265m, so that the first docking chamber 11 can meet the assembly construction of most large and medium ships. It will be appreciated that the length of the first docking chamber 11 may be adapted to be shorter if the model of vessel that is mainly accommodated by the shipyard is relatively small.

As shown in fig. 3, 5 and 6, when the steel hull immersion pipe 40 and the ship are constructed in the dock 1, both the steel hull immersion pipe 40 and the ship need to be supported on the docking block so that the ground can float on the water surface by passing water into the dock 1. Because the steel shell immersed tube 40 is heavy, draft is large after assembly is completed, and in order to reduce the requirements on the water depth in the dock 1 and the total depth of the dock 1, in this embodiment, the docking block comprises a tube segment docking block 2, the height of the tube segment docking block 2 is less than 1.2m, and the steel shell immersed tube 40 is supported on the tube segment docking block 2.

That is, in this embodiment, the height of the pipe segment docking block 2 is smaller than the height (1.8m) of a conventional docking block, so that the problem of interference with the docking block due to the draught of the steel shell immersed tube 40 can be effectively avoided, and the undocking convenience and reliability of the steel shell immersed tube 40 are improved.

Because the dock bottom of the dock 1 has a slope gradient, in order to ensure the levelness of the steel shell immersed tube 40 in the building process, the height of the tube segment docking blocks 2 can be adjusted, so that when each tube segment docking block 2 is arranged on the dock bottom, the height of the upper end supporting surface of each tube segment docking block 2 can be adjusted to be positioned on the same horizontal plane, thereby better ensuring the levelness of the steel shell immersed tube 40 in the building process and ensuring the building quality of the steel shell immersed tube 40.

Preferably, the pipe segment docking block 2 comprises a pipe segment base block 21 and a support head 22, the support head 22 is detachably connected to the upper end face of the pipe segment base block 21, and the height of the support head 22 can be adjusted. By the arrangement, the pipe joint foundation blocks 21 of the pipe joint docking block 2 can be made of the structure and the material of a common docking block, so that the construction cost and the structural complexity of the pipe joint docking block 2 can be reduced, and the universality of the pipe joint foundation blocks 21 can be improved. The pipe joint foundation pier 21 is preferably formed by pouring cement, so that the cost is reduced, and the supporting strength is ensured.

In this embodiment, the support head 22 includes a mounting base 221 and an adjusting seat 222 slidably disposed on the mounting base 221, and the mounting base 221 is detachably connected to the pipe joint base pier 21. Specifically, the mounting base 221 includes a fixing sleeve cylinder portion 2211, a mounting flange portion 2212 extends from the lower end of the fixing sleeve cylinder portion 2211 in the radial direction, the mounting flange portion 2212 is attached to the upper surface of the pipe joint base pier 21, and the mounting flange portion 2212 is detachably connected to the pipe joint base pier 21. In order to improve the structural strength of the mounting base 221, reinforcing rib plates 2213 are further connected between the mounting flange portion 2212 and the outer wall of the fixing sleeve portion 2211, and at least two reinforcing rib plates 2213 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction around the fixing sleeve portion 2211.

The adjusting seat 222 includes an adjusting sleeve portion 2221 and a supporting plate portion 2222, and the adjusting sleeve portion 2221 is slidably fitted inside the fixing sleeve portion 2211. The support plate portion 2222 is connected to the tip end of the adjusting sleeve portion 2221, and the upper end surface of the support plate portion 2222 forms a support surface for supporting the shell caisson 40.

The support head 22 further includes a locking member for locking the position between the adjusted mounting base 221 and the adjusting seat 222, and a structure capable of locking the positions of the two sliding members is common, and this embodiment is not particularly limited. Further, in the present embodiment, the support head 22 can be adjusted by manual adjustment, or can be automatically adjusted by driving the adjustment seat 222 with a motor.

The support head 22 is preferably made of stainless steel to prevent the support head 22 from being corroded by long-term immersion in seawater. It is understood that the above-mentioned structures of the support head 22 and the tube segment base block 21 are only exemplary structures, and the existing structures of the docking block capable of realizing height adjustment can also be applied to the present invention, and the structure of the tube segment docking block 2 is not limited by the present invention.

In this embodiment, the length of the tube segment docking block 2 is preferably greater than twice its width, and at least two support heads 22 are preferably arranged at intervals along the length direction of the tube segment docking block 2, so as to reduce the overall size of the tube segment docking block 2 and the overall size of the support heads 22 and reduce the construction cost of the tube segment docking block 2 while ensuring the support effect.

To improve the rationality of the arrangement of the tube segment docking blocks 2, the tube segment docking blocks 2 on both sides of the longitudinal plane 402 in the tube segment in the steel shell immersed tube 40 are preferably symmetrically arranged with respect to the longitudinal plane 402 in the tube segment. However, it is understood that the specific arrangement form and the number of the pipe segment docking blocks 2 may be specifically set according to the quality and the structure of each steel shell pipe segment 401 spliced to form the steel shell immersed tube 40.

As shown in fig. 2, 7 and 8, the docking blocks also need to be supported on the docking blocks when the vessel is in the dock 1, whereby the docking blocks also comprise a vessel docking block 3 for supporting the vessel. Preferably, the ship docking block 3 comprises a ship base block 31 and a wood pad 32 arranged on the ship base block 31, and the ship base block 31 is formed by cement pouring. The structure of the ship docking block 3 may be the structure of the existing docking block, which is not specifically limited in the present invention.

The dock block structure which is conventionally arranged is adopted to support the ship, the ship building cost can be reduced, and the wood cushion layer 32 is not easy to scratch the coating on the surface of the ship. Preferably, the ship base block 31 and the pipe joint base block 21 can be replaced, so that the replaceability of the docking block is improved, and the setting cost of the docking block is reduced. It is understood that the vessel base pier 31 and the pipe section base pier 21 can be replaced by the same structure or the same main structure, but the detailed structure is different. In other embodiments, the ship docking block 3 may also have the same structure as the pipe-section docking block 2, that is, the ship docking block 3 also has a structure of a cement foundation block and an adjustable support head 22.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, in order to prevent the steel shell immersion pipe 40 from scraping the dock wall 15 during docking and docking, preferably, a rest 4 is detachably connected to a side of the steel shell immersion pipe 40 close to the dock wall 15, and the rest 4 protrudes out of the steel shell immersion pipe 40 in a direction towards the dock wall 15, so that even if the steel shell immersion pipe 40 moves in the direction towards the dock wall 15 during docking and docking, only the rest 4 contacts the dock wall 15, thereby limiting the collision between the steel shell immersion pipe 40 and the dock wall 15 and improving the protection of the steel shell immersion pipe 40. Meanwhile, as the dock wall 15 is detachably connected with the steel shell immersed tube 40, after the steel shell immersed tube 40 is undocked, the leaning frame 4 can be detached from the steel shell immersed tube 40, so that the situation that the normal use of the steel shell immersed tube 40 is interfered by the arrangement of the leaning frame 4 is avoided, and meanwhile, the leaning frame 4 can also be installed on another steel shell immersed tube 40 which needs to be assembled, so that the construction cost of the steel shell immersed tube 40 is reduced.

Preferably, the rest 4 includes a first frame portion 41 and a second frame portion 42 which are vertically connected, the first frame portion 41 is located at an upper end of the steel shell caisson 40 and is detachably connected to the upper end of the steel shell caisson 40, the second frame portion 42 is located between the dock wall 15 and the steel shell caisson 40, and a gap is formed between the second frame portion 42 and the steel shell caisson 40. By the arrangement, when the leaning frame 4 collides with the dock wall 15, the gap between the second frame part 42 and the steel shell immersed tube 40 can relieve the impact of the collision on the steel shell immersed tube 40, so that the leaning frame 4 and the steel shell immersed tube 40 are prevented from hard collision, and the protection of the steel shell immersed tube 40 is further improved.

Preferably, a first elastic member 44 is detachably coupled to a side of the second frame portion 42 facing the steel-shell caisson 40. In this embodiment, the first elastic member 44 is an elastic block made of an elastic and corrosion-resistant material, which is low in cost and convenient to install. The first elastic member 44 is preferably provided in plurality at intervals in the height direction of the steel-shell immersed tube 40 to improve the buffering and shock-absorbing effects, and to reduce the size of the first elastic member 44 and the cost.

A second elastic piece 45 is arranged on one side, facing the dock wall 15, of the second frame portion 42, and the second elastic piece 45 is located between the second frame portion 42 and the dock wall 15 and used for avoiding hard collision caused by direct contact between the leaning frame 4 and the dock wall 15, so that the approach protection is improved. Preferably, a lower end of the second frame portion 42 is provided with a protruding frame portion 43 protruding in a direction toward the dock wall 15, a height of the protruding frame portion 43 is smaller than a height of the second frame portion 42, the second elastic member 45 is provided on a side of the protruding frame portion 43 away from the second frame portion 42, and the height of the second elastic member 45 is greater than the height of the protruding frame portion 43 and smaller than the height of the second frame portion 42. The height of the projecting portion 43 can reduce the overall size of the backrest frame 4, and the height of the second elastic member 45 required for the height reduction, thereby reducing the cost.

In this embodiment, the whole leaning frame 4 is a three-edge vertical "Z" shaped structure, and the leaning frame 4 is a frame body structure formed by welding steel materials. In order to facilitate the carrying of the leaning frame 4, a lifting lug 46 is connected to the top end of the first frame part 41, and a lifting hole for lifting is formed in the lifting lug 46. In other embodiments, the leaning frame 4 may also take other shapes and combinations, and the invention is not limited in this regard.

Further, the steel shell immersed tube 40 may also be provided with the leaning frame 4 only at one end or both ends to reduce the cost, or each steel shell tube section 401 may be provided with the leaning frame 4. If the steel shell pipe sections 401 are hoisted to the dock 1, the leaning frame 4 is arranged on the steel shell pipe sections 401 which are currently hoisted, so that the steel shell pipe sections 401 are prevented from colliding with the dock wall 15 in the hoisting process, and after the steel shell pipe sections 401 are seated, the leaning frame 4 is detached, so that the leaning frame 4 is used in another steel shell pipe section 401. Or after the steel shell immersed tube 40 is built, the leaning frames 4 are respectively arranged at the two ends of the steel shell immersed tube 40, so that the steel shell immersed tube 40 is prevented from colliding with the dock wall 15 in the undocking process.

Other structural arrangements in the dock building system may be referred to in the prior art and are not essential to the invention and will not be described in detail here.

Example two

As shown in fig. 9, the present embodiment provides a steel-shell immersed tube and a ship parallel construction method, which can implement parallel construction of a steel-shell immersed tube 40 and a ship in the dock construction system in the first embodiment, so as to improve the construction efficiency of the steel-shell immersed tube 40 and the ship, improve the parallel construction degree of the steel-shell immersed tube 40 and the ship, and improve the utilization rate of the dock 1.

The construction method of the steel-shelled immersed tube 40 and the ship provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:

step S1, planning a first chamber ship 20 built in the first docking chamber 11, a second chamber ship 30 built in the second docking chamber 12 and a steel-shell sinking pipe 40;

as shown in fig. 10, the number and type of one chamber of the vessels 20 to be built in parallel in the first docking chamber 11 are planned according to the length and width of the first docking chamber 11.

In this embodiment, the first dock chamber 11 may be provided with two one-chamber ships 20 side by side along the width direction, so that the ship building effect can be effectively improved. However, when the vessel has a large profile and the width of the first docking chamber 11 is relatively small, it is also possible to arrange only one chamber vessel 20 in the first docking chamber 11, which requires assembly.

In the present embodiment, the one ship 20 refers to a ship capable of always performing assembly in the first dock chamber 11, that is, the one ship 20 refers to a ship capable of performing various assembly processes such as ship block splicing, block welding, fitting-out, coating and the like in the first dock chamber 11, and the assembled ship is capable of performing an undocking test. The two-chamber ship 30 refers to a ship which is constructed in the second docking chamber 12 at the beginning of assembling the ship block, and since the length of the two-chamber ship 30 is usually longer than the length of the second docking chamber 12, the two-chamber ship 30 needs to be extended into the first docking chamber 11 for construction at the later stage of construction.

For convenience of the subsequent description, the two one-chamber vessels 20 constructed in the first docking chamber 11 will be referred to as a first vessel 201 and a second vessel 202, respectively.

In the second dock chamber 12, a pipe joint construction area and a ship construction area are arranged side by side along the width direction, a plurality of steel shell pipe joints 401 are spliced and cement-cast in the pipe joint construction area, and the ship in the ship construction area of the second dock chamber 30 completes partially segmented splicing and welding work in the area. Because the two-chamber ship 30 and the steel-shell immersed tube 40 are arranged side by side along the second dock chamber 12, the two-chamber ship 30 is preferably selected to have a width that can meet the requirements and a smaller width than the one-chamber ship 20, so as to improve the layout rationality.

Step S2, arranging ship docking blocks 3 in the ship building areas of the first and second docking chambers 11 and 12, and arranging pipe joint docking blocks 2 in the pipe joint building area of the second docking chamber 12.

The arrangement of the ship docking blocks 3 is performed for each ship to be constructed (including the one-chamber ship 20 and the two-chamber ship 30), and the arrangement of the ship docking blocks 3 may refer to the prior art, and will not be described herein again.

As shown in fig. 11, the arrangement of the pipe segment docking blocks 2 comprises the following steps:

step S21, defining the position of the longitudinal surface 402 in the pipe section of the steel shell immersed pipe 40;

specifically, the position of the longitudinal surface 402 of the pipe section of the steel shell caisson 40 in the dock 1 is determined according to the longitudinal surface 16 in the dock of the dock 1 and the transverse width of the steel shell caisson 40.

The position of the longitudinal surface 402 in the pipe joint needs to ensure that the steel shell immersed pipe 40 does not collide with the dock wall 15 after being placed in the pipe joint construction area, and meanwhile, enough width needed by the two-chamber ship 30 needs to be reserved.

And step S22, gradually arranging the tube section docking blocks 2 from the longitudinal surface 402 of the tube section to two sides by taking the longitudinal surface 402 of the tube section as a reference.

The layout planning of the tube segment docking blocks 2 can be performed in simulation software, and the layout of the tube segment docking blocks 2 is obtained by performing simulation on the layout of the tube segment docking blocks 2 in the simulation software based on the weight and the size of the steel shell immersed tube 40 and the bearing capacity of a single tube segment docking block 2.

Preferably, in the arrangement simulation of the pipe segment docking block 2, the arrangement simulation of the pipe segment docking block 2 is integrally performed with the assembled steel shell immersed tube 40 as a reference, so as to balance the overall stress in the construction process of the steel shell immersed tube 40.

In this embodiment, the arranging the pipe segment docking block 2 specifically includes the following steps:

step S221, setting the interval width L by taking the longitudinal surface 402 in the pipe joint as a reference₁To two directionsThe longitudinal grid lines 6 parallel to the longitudinal plane 402 in the pipe joint are divided laterally in sequence;

for convenience of description, if there are N longitudinal grid lines 6 located on one side of the longitudinal plane of the pipe section, the longitudinal grid lines 6 are the first longitudinal grid line and the second longitudinal grid line … …, respectively, along the direction away from the longitudinal plane 402 of the pipe section.

Step S222, setting a transverse grid line reference perpendicular to the longitudinal plane 402 in the pipe joint at a position close to the tail of the second docking chamber 12;

step S223, setting the interval length L based on the horizontal grid line standard₂Sequentially arranging a plurality of transverse grid lines 5 along the direction far away from the transverse grid reference, wherein the transverse grid lines 5 and the longitudinal grid lines 6 are intersected to form grid nodes;

the length of each steel shell pipe joint 401 is L, the width is M, and L is more than or equal to 3L₂，M≥10L₁That is, each steel shell pipe section 401 covers at least 3 × 10 mesh nodes to ensure the stability and reliability of support for each steel shell pipe section 401.

Preferably (N + 1). times.L₁＞M≥N×L₁So that the ground grid can cover the width range of the steel shell pipe joint 401 as much as possible, and the layout rationality is improved.

And S224, determining grid nodes where pipe joint docking blocks 2 need to be arranged.

In order to improve the supporting effect on the steel shell immersed tube 40, in this embodiment, tube segment docking blocks 2 are uniformly arranged on all grid nodes of the first longitudinal grid line, the second longitudinal grid line and the N-1 th longitudinal grid line. For the longitudinal grid lines between the third longitudinal grid line and the N-2 longitudinal grid line, the grid nodes provided with the pipe joint dock squat 2 are arranged at intervals, and the four adjacent grid nodes provided with one grid node of the pipe joint dock squat 2 are not provided with the pipe joint dock squat 2. This kind of setting can improve the support performance to steel-shelled immersed tube 2 when reducing the total number of 2 of squatting of tube coupling depressed place.

More preferably, for the longitudinal grid lines between the third longitudinal grid line and the N-2 longitudinal grid line, the length directions of the pipe joint dock squats 1 on the two longitudinal grid lines 6 which are arranged at intervals are the same, and the length directions of the pipe joint dock squats 1 on the two longitudinal grid lines 6 which are arranged adjacently are vertical.

And S224, arranging pipe joint dock squats 2 on two longitudinal side lines of the steel shell immersed tube, wherein the pipe joint dock squats 2 on the longitudinal side lines are positioned on the corresponding transverse grid lines 5.

With this arrangement, the supporting performance of the edge of the steel shell immersed tube 40 can be further improved, and the edge of the steel shell immersed tube 40 can be prevented from warping.

More preferably, the tube segment docking blocks 2 located on both sides of the longitudinal centerline of the steel shell immersed tube 40 are arranged at positions approximately symmetrical to the longitudinal plane 402 of the tube segment of the steel shell immersed tube 40.

Step S23, building a pipe joint docking block 2 in the pipe joint building area;

at least two pipe joint docking blocks 2 corresponding to the steel shell pipe joints 401 are pre-built in the pipe joint building area, and the pipe joint docking blocks 2 corresponding to the remaining steel shell pipe joints 401 can be built before the steel shell pipe joints 401 are hoisted to the second docking chamber 12, or the pipe joint docking blocks 2 in the pipe joint building area are pre-built before the first steel shell pipe joint 401 is hoisted to the second docking chamber 12.

And step S24, adjusting the height of the pipe segment docking block 2 to enable the supporting surfaces of the pipe segment docking block 2 to be located on the same horizontal plane.

Step S3, constructing a first chamber ship 20 in the first docking chamber 11, and constructing a second chamber ship 30 and a steel shell immersed tube 40 in the second docking chamber 12;

hoisting the ship block of the first chamber ship 20 into the first dock chamber 11 for assembly, hoisting the ship block of the second chamber ship 30 (i.e. the third ship 301) into a ship building area for construction, and sequentially hoisting the steel shell pipe joints 401 into a pipe joint building area for construction.

Step S4, after the first ship 20 is completely built, undocking the first ship 20;

specifically, as shown in fig. 12, water is injected into the first dock chamber 11, the water blocking dock gate 13 is opened, and the first chamber ship 20 is floated and undocked, and in this process, the steel shell immersed tube 40 and the second chamber ship 30 of the second dock chamber 12 are continuously constructed;

step S5, after undocking of the ship 20, closing the water blocking dock gate 13, and draining the first dock chamber 11;

step S6, opening the separation dock gate 14 (as shown in FIG. 13), and continuing the total assembly of the two-chamber ship 30 and the steel shell immersed tube 40; at the same time, the assembly of two further one-room vessels 20 (a fourth vessel 203 and a fifth vessel 204) is carried out in the first docking chamber 11 (as shown in fig. 14);

before the fourth ship 203 and the fifth ship 204 are assembled, if the models of the fourth ship 203 and the fifth ship 204 are different from those of the original first ship 201 and the original second ship 202, ship docking blocks 3 corresponding to the fourth ship 203 and the fifth ship 204 need to be arranged in the first dock chamber 11 again; when the fourth vessel 203 and the fifth vessel 204 are the same type as the original first vessel 201 and the original second vessel 202, there may be no need to rearrange the vessel docking blocks 3.

Along with the total assembly of the steel shell immersed tube 40 and the third ship 301, the lengths of the steel shell immersed tube 40 and the third ship 301 are increased and extend to the first docking chamber 11, and correspondingly, in the construction process of the steel shell immersed tube 40 and the third ship 301, tube section docking blocks 2 required by a steel shell tube section 401 and ship docking blocks 3 required by the third ship 301 are gradually arranged in the first docking chamber 11.

When the ship docking blocks 3 required by the fourth ship 203 and the fifth ship 204 need to be rearranged, the ship docking blocks 3 are arranged step by step along the direction far away from the water blocking dock gate 13 with the position close to the water blocking dock gate 13 as a starting point, that is, for each ship block hoisted to the first dock chamber 11, the ship docking blocks 3 are arranged before the ship block is hoisted into the first dock chamber 11. Thereby, it is possible to avoid that the construction of the fifth vessel 204 and the fourth vessel 203 and the arrangement of the vessel docking blocks 3 interfere with the construction of the third vessel 301 and the steel shell caisson 40.

When the ship docking blocks 3 required by the fourth ship 203 and the fifth ship 204 do not need to be rearranged, if the steel shell immersed tube 40 and the third ship 301 extend to the region where the original ship docking block 3 is located in the first docking chamber 11, the ship docking blocks 3 in the interference region are removed, and the pipe-joint docking blocks 2 and the docking blocks of the third ship 301 are built in the interference region.

Step S7, when the steel-shell immersed tube 40 and the third ship 301 are assembled, undocking the steel-shell immersed tube 40 and the two-chamber ship 30 (as shown in fig. 15);

specifically, water is injected into the dock 1, and the water blocking dock gate 13 is opened, so that the fourth ship 203, the fifth ship 204, the third ship 301 and the steel-shell immersed tube 40 are undocked in sequence.

Step S8, re-docking the currently under-built one-chamber vessel 20 in the first docking chamber 11 (as shown in fig. 16);

specifically, the fourth vessel 203 and the fifth vessel 204 are towed back into the first docking chamber 11, the watertight dock gate 13 is closed, and the dock 1 is drained.

Step S9, the one-room ship 20 is built continuously, and at the same time, the separation dock gate 14 is closed, another two-room ship 30 (i.e. the sixth ship 302 in fig. 17) is built in the ship building area, and another steel-shell immersed tube 40 (as shown in fig. 17) is built in the tube section building area.

And repeating the steps S4-S9.

That is, the parallel construction method of the steel-shell immersed tube 40 and the ship provided by the embodiment can realize the parallel construction of the ship and the steel-shell immersed tube 40, and can also realize the rotation construction of the steel-shell immersed tube 40 and the ship, thereby effectively improving the construction continuity and the construction efficiency of the steel-shell immersed tube 40 and the ship, improving the utilization rate of the dock 1, and reducing the construction cost of the ship and the steel-shell immersed tube 40.

It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.