1. The utility model provides a compromise comprehensive operation icebreaking bow of navigation performance and many-sided ability of opening ice which characterized in that: a V-shaped bow is adopted as the basic shape of the whole bow, and an inclined linear stem form and a wide-fat waterline surface shape are adopted; the overall shape of the stem is symmetrical about a middle longitudinal section where the middle longitudinal section is located, the V degree is 61-66 degrees, the outward drift angle is 76-81 degrees, the longitudinal section angle is 23-28 degrees, the stem inclination angle is 17-22 degrees, and the waterline approach angle is 50-55 degrees.

Background

The icebreaker is a means of developing a navigation channel and protecting driving, which is highly dependent on polar activities such as polar shipping, resource development, scientific research, military application and the like and ship operation in ice covered water areas. The channel opening capability is one of the key indexes for measuring the performance of the icebreaker. The excellent ice breaking capacity can ensure safe and rapid navigation of the ship, and provides more stable and suitable navigation conditions for cleaning up obstacle ice of a channel of a navigation ship. The ice breaking capacity of the ice breaker comprises: the ability to break large pieces of flat ice and ice ridges, the ability to remove broken crushed ice pieces or the ability to push submerged crushed ice pieces. The ice breaking capacity of the ice breaker under the working condition of the main vehicle mainly depends on the shape of the bow, so the molded line design of the bow of the ice breaker is a key technology for improving the performance of the ice breaker, improving the competitiveness of polar equipment and supporting scientific activities and industrial operations of water areas in ice regions.

The early icebreakers are mostly designed by the stem of an inclined open water sailing ship, so that the ice breaking process is realized by bending and damaging the ice surface due to the fact that the vertical force is increased in the ship depth direction. However, such a stem line often pushes the crushed ice blocks to the front end of the stem, which causes the phenomenon that a large amount of ice blocks are accumulated on the stem and move along with the ship, and reduces the navigation performance and ice-breaking efficiency of the ice-breaker. With the development of icebreaker design technology, various different types of bow shapes, such as a V-shaped icebreaker bow, a spoon-shaped icebreaker bow, a concave icebreaker bow, various modern new icebreaker bows, and the like, appear in succession, as shown in fig. 5.

However, the bow shapes of various ice breakers are currently determined for different tasks and environments, so that the current bow shapes may lose performance in other aspects while ensuring single superior ice breaking performance. For example: the V-shaped icebreaker bow and the spoon-shaped icebreaker bow have extremely strong capability of breaking large-area ice, and the capability of removing broken ice blocks is weak; the bow of the modern novel icebreaker has stronger capacity of removing and pushing away broken ice blocks and is more suitable for sailing in an ice floating block area; a bow structure with higher ice breaking efficiency proposed by CN 112373635A; CN105667703B proposes a bow structure with both open water performance and ice breaking capability. It has thus been found that there is still a lack of a comprehensive working icebreaker bow which combines the best overall performance with regard to the ability to break ice, the ability to remove and push away crushed ice, the ability to push and submerge crushed ice and the speed of the open water.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a comprehensive operation icebreaker bow which has navigation performance and multi-aspect icebreaking capacity.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a V-shaped bow is adopted as the basic shape of the whole bow, and an inclined linear stem form and a wide-fat waterline surface shape are adopted; the overall shape of the stem is symmetrical about a middle longitudinal section where the middle longitudinal section is located, the V degree is 61-66 degrees, the outward drift angle is 76-81 degrees, the longitudinal section angle is 23-28 degrees, the stem inclination angle is 17-22 degrees, and the waterline approach angle is 50-55 degrees.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

according to the invention, based on the V-shaped bow contour with the optimal ice breaking capacity, a horizontal section line diagram is designed, so that the outer drift angle is greatly increased, and the ice breaking capacity of the bow of the ice breaking ship is further improved. The invention optimizes the longitudinal section, adopts smaller longitudinal section angle and stem inclination angle and increases the ice clearing capability of the bow of the ice-breaking ship on the level of ensuring the superior ice-breaking capability of the bow. In the process of profile design, the invention gives consideration to the principle that the performance is not reduced when the ship sails in an open water area, and also gives consideration to the comprehensive performance of the ice breaking capacity, the ice cleaning capacity and the open water area performance. The invention is suitable for multi-task and multi-route, can maximize the utilization efficiency and controls the economic cost of manufacturing a plurality of single-function icebreakers to a certain extent.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a side perspective view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a water line diagram of the present invention.

Figure 5 is a schematic view of the bow of a different type of icebreaker,

fig. 6 is an overall design flow diagram of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The invention aims to make up the current situation that the bow of the current icebreaker is insufficient in development, provides a novel comprehensive operation icebreaker bow which has navigation performance and multi-aspect icebreaker capability, and can realize the multitask operation capability of the icebreaker, improve the technical competitiveness of the icebreaker and reduce the redundant input cost of the navigation ship in an ice area.

Firstly, the performance of the bow of the icebreaker is mainly reflected by four angles, namely an outer drift angle, a waterline inflow angle, a longitudinal section line inclination angle and a fore post inclination angle; the bow with excellent ice breaking capacity has a larger outer drift angle and a smaller longitudinal section inclination angle, the stem inclination angle of the ice breaking ship with excellent ice removing capacity is smaller, the waterline six-stream angle is smaller, and the ice breaking ship with good open water performance generally adopts a V-shaped bow.

Therefore, in order to design an icebreaker bow with optimal comprehensive performance, the invention coordinates and modifies the outer drift angle, the water line inflow angle, the longitudinal section line inclination angle and the stem inclination angle of the icebreaker bow in a parameterized modeling mode so as to enable four key parameters determining the icebreaker bow to reach the optimal values in mutual coordination, thereby realizing the optimal icebreaker bow with consideration of icebreaking performance, ice removal performance and open water performance, and the specific design flow is shown in fig. 6.

1) The V-shaped bow which gives consideration to the open water performance and the ice breaking capacity is used as the basic shape of the whole ice breaking bow, as shown in figure 1, the overall shape of the bow is symmetrical about a middle longitudinal section where a middle longitudinal section line 1 is located, so that only half of the bow shape is shown in figure 1, the V-degree a of the V-shaped bow is preferably between 61 and 66 degrees, and the bow ensures that the sailing performance of an open water area can be optimized as the ice breaking bow to enter the next step;

in fig. 1: 1-middle longitudinal section line, 2-deck side line, 3-longitudinal section line, 4-cross section line, 5-waterline, 6-auxiliary line for indicating the position of designed waterline;

2) as shown in figure 2, the transverse section diagram of the ice-breaking bow is parameterized, the transverse section line 4 determines the size of the flare angle b, and the larger flare angle can ensure the capability of the ice-breaking bow to break complete ice, so that the preferred value of the flare angle b is determined to be 76-81 degrees while simultaneously coordinating the processing angles. On the other hand, the horizontal section line 4 with smooth and slow transition enables the sailing speed of the icebreaker in open water area not to be reduced to a great extent (it is worth noting that the steps 3, 4 and 5 need to be coordinated and repeated for a plurality of times, and the structural form and the most angle in the invention are obtained);

3) as shown in fig. 3, a longitudinal section diagram of the bow of the icebreaker is adjusted in a small-range parameterization mode, after the parameters of the cross-section profile are determined, the basic shape of the bow of the icebreaker is determined, so that the small change of the flare angle is mainly ensured, meanwhile, the structure of the longitudinal section line 3 is adjusted, the fact that the longitudinal section angle c cannot be too large is focused on, the efficiency of removing ice blocks and immersing the ice blocks by the bow of the icebreaker can be improved due to the smaller longitudinal section angle, and the longitudinal section angle c is preferably 23-28 degrees after repeated adjustment (note that the structural form and the optimal angle of the icebreaker are obtained only by repeatedly performing the steps 2, 4 and 5 in a coordinated and repeated mode);

4) as shown in FIG. 3, the stem inclination angle d is the included angle between the longitudinal section line 1 and the horizontal direction, the stem inclination angle d and the longitudinal section angle c have the same effect, namely the smaller the two angle values are, the higher the ice removing efficiency and the ice immersing efficiency of the icebreaker stem, in addition, the stem inclination angle is determined to be optimal at the same time of the first step of determining the hull basic contour and the third step of determining the longitudinal section angle c, and the stem inclination angle is preferably 17-22 degrees (note that the step and the step 3 are completed simultaneously).

5) As shown in FIG. 4, a water line diagram of the bow of the icebreaker is parametrically adjusted in a small amplitude, a water line inflow angle e determines the capability of pushing broken ice blocks to two sides of the bow of the icebreaker, namely the capability of cleaning a broken ice channel and the capability of the icebreaker in a broken ice floating area, the angle is too large, so that the front end of the bow of the icebreaker is smooth and slow to cause broken ice accumulation and reduce ice cleaning capability, the principle of angle adjustment is to firstly ensure that the performance of the icebreaker related in the steps 2, 3 and 4 is optimal, then meet the requirement of being capable of cleaning a large amount of ice blocks to two sides of a ship body, and through multiple test parametrization design, the optimal value of the water line inflow angle of the icebreaker is selected to be 50-55 degrees (note that the steps 2, 3 and 4 need to be coordinated and repeated for multiple times to obtain the structural form and the optimal angle of the icebreaker).

In summary, the comprehensive operation icebreaker bow with navigation performance and multi-aspect icebreaking capability is designed, a V-shaped bow is used as the basic shape of the whole bow, and an inclined linear stem form and a wide fat waterline shape are adopted; the overall shape of the stem is symmetrical about a middle longitudinal section where the middle longitudinal section is located, the V degree is 61-66 degrees, the outward drift angle is 76-81 degrees, the longitudinal section angle is 23-28 degrees, the stem inclination angle is 17-22 degrees, and the waterline approach angle is 50-55 degrees.

According to the invention, based on the V-shaped bow contour with the optimal ice breaking capacity, a horizontal section line diagram is designed, so that the outer drift angle is greatly increased, and the ice breaking capacity of the bow of the ice breaking ship is further improved. The invention optimizes the longitudinal section on the level of ensuring the ice-breaking capability of the ice-breaking bow, adopts smaller longitudinal section angle and stem inclination angle, and increases the ice-clearing capability of the ice-breaking bow; in the process of profile design, the principle that the performance is not reduced when the ship sails in the open water area is taken into consideration all the time, so that the bow of the ice breaking ship has the comprehensive performance of ice breaking capacity, ice cleaning capacity and open water area performance. The invention is suitable for multi-task and multi-route, can maximize the utilization efficiency and controls the economic cost of manufacturing a plurality of single-function icebreakers to a certain extent.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.